A

Aperture - How wide the lens opens, it's just like the iris of your eye. Defined by the f-number/f-stop number.

B

Bridge - A point and click camera which boasts features more usually seen on a DSLR.

C

Contre-Jour - A style of photography that breaks the rule, never shoot into the light.

D

DSLR - A type of camera most commonly associated with the fact it has interchangeable lenses.
**Depth of Field (DoF) - How much of the photo is in focus, can be changed using different apertures.

F

Flare - or Lens Flare, bright spots on the lens from refraction and reflection of light inside the lens.

I

ISO number - How sensitive to light your camera is, most default to ISO 100.

F

F-number/F-stop - a number that defines the size of the aperture. The numbers go in reverse, f1 is biggest.
Focal length - a measurement in millimeters, eg 50mm or 300mm that defines how zoomed in you get to the subject.

L

Lens Flare - see Flare.

P

Point-and-click - a type of camera that is usually the easiest to use. Simply point and...well, click.
Prime Lens - A lens with a single focal length.

S

Shutter speed - How long the camera stays "open".
Shutter lag - On non D-SLR cameras there's a distinct lag between pressing the button and the photo being taken due to the technology involved.

Z

Zoom lens - A lens with a changing focal length allowing zooming.